Therese Raquin Essay Example for Free

Therese Raquin Essay Therese Raquin 39 jelenamlt Simple Mayan mathematics The Mayans had a very sophisticated number system. The System was used and developed mainly for astrological purposes. It was a base 20 System, believed to be derived from ancient peoples counting on both their fingers and their toes, called the vigesimal systerry Today we use a base 10 system, the decimal system, meaning each place value Is equal to a power of 10, and in the vigesimal system each place value s equal to a power of 20. They also used separate numerals consisting of lines, dots, nd shells. So for example 26 is written with one dot in the venties place and one bar and one dot (6) in the ones place. Once comfortable with this concept Mayan addition and subtraction are easy. If you wanted to add 83 and 59 in Mayan numerals it would look something like this: A more complicated problem such as 478 9534 would look like this: Subtraction is done the exact same way as addition. Multiplication however. was done differently. It consisted of drawing lines that correspond to the number the counting up the number of crossings in each corner. It was very simple and easy to do. Say you were multiplying 12 and 11 you would draw ne line for the tens place in the 12 and two for the ones place in the 12 and then one line for the tens place of the II and one for the ones place. Count the number Of Crossing in the left corner and the number Of crossing in the right corner. Then add up the number Of Crossings in the bottom corner and the number Of crossings in the top corner and then from left to right (number Of left corner crossings, number you get when adding top and bottom corner crossings and the number Of right corner crossings) and this Will be your answer.

Drawing, Printmaking, and Painting Essay Example for Free

Drawing, Printmaking, and Painting Essay There are different ways on how to make exquisite two-dimensional masterpieces. It can be in the form of a drawing, printmaking or painting. All of these methods may seem identical because of their common dimensions. However, there are some specific components and characteristic that each form of visual art has that sets them apart from one another. Drawing is considered to be the foundation of all pictorial representation. More so, it is in this stage where almost all art activities start. The utilization of lines to represent various forms and shapes serve as the guidelines or foundation of more advanced or elaborate art depictions such as paintings. Though it may seem that drawing is part of other visual art forms, its emphasis on the use of line is its most distinguishing factor. Furthermore, drawing also makes use of shadings and color to create an illusion that it has mass and more dimensions. However, it all depends upon the artist’s choice of medium and tools of whether the drawing will have a linear or painterly quality. Linear is a technique in the visual arts wherein lines and curves are highlighted meanwhile painterly is the exact opposite technique of linear because it uses colors to create shapes and forms (Delahunt). A famous example of a linear drawing is the Vitruvian Man by Leonardo Da Vinci. In this illustration, Da Vinci showed the human anatomy and ideal body proportions. Da Vinci used pen and ink to draw the lines and curves that perfectly generated an accurate depiction of a human body. Meanwhile, printmaking is more complex in terms of execution compared to drawing because it uses an object, which can either be made from metal, plastic or wood with carvings of any design to create an artwork. The process of producing prints is quite complicated than drawing because in drawing, an artist can produces a work of art with just the use of pencil and a piece of paper while printmaking requires more apparatus. After the block is made which will be used as a stamp, the next step is to dip the engraved block on a container of wet colored inks so that when it is pressed down on a flat surface whether wood, cloth or paper, the engraved design will appear on it. There are many techniques involved in printmaking but they all follow the basic processes. It is the materials and tools that make the difference in the output (Delahunt). During the Renaissance period, printmaking became an instant success with the people. It was used â€Å"for all manner of illustrations, including topographical survey, and for portraiture. † One of the famous artists who used prints was Albrecht Durer who made several religious prints and the Knight, Death, and the Devil was the most popular. This print symbolized the status of moral value (Cartage. org). On the other hand, painting is another form of visual art which is the exact opposite of drawing. It is far more sophisticated and more complex than drawing and printmaking. Painting uses a variety of visual elements including lines, shapes, perspectives, space, light and others. More so, these elements are combined in accordance with the principles of design specifically unity, balance, proportion, and emphasis. Usually artists use either oil or water colors on a canvas to make a painting. Furthermore, the content of the painting is dependent on the technique of the artist and the materials used. Overall, drawing, printmaking and paintings are all used to express the creativity and craftsmanship of an artist. Though they have similar purposes, each form of visual art has its own features not present with the others. Drawing is seen as a portable and simple way of generating artworks. Meanwhile, printmaking is the most precise way of making aesthetic designs. Moreover, out of the three, painting is the most glorified form because of its versatility and sophistication. Works Cited Delahunt, Michael. â€Å"Drawing. † 2008. Artlex. com. 8 September 2008 http://www. artlex. com/ArtLex/d/drawing. html. Delahunt, Michael. â€Å"Printmaking. † 2008. Artlex. com. 8 September 2008 http://www. artlex. com/ArtLex/p/print. html. â€Å"Printmaking and prints. † Cartage. org. 8 September 2008 http://www. cartage. org. lb/en/themes/arts/Graphicartists/generalities/Historyofprintmaking. htm

Falls in Older Adults With Mental Illness

Falls in Older Adults With Mental Illness Aim The aim of this research paper is to examine the cases of falls in older adults mainly due to the mental illness. The decreasing level of mental health in older adult is a primary reason of fall leading to multiple serious injuries. The research paper will analyze the role of mental illness in causing the falls in older adults. Objective This study establishes the fact that mental illness in older adults is responsible for a fall causing major injuries, which can prove fatal. This study further investigates the various preventive measures which can be adopted to prevent the fall of mentally older adults. Introduction Human body is the complex machine ever made. Like machines, Human body is also prone to wear tear. The phenomenon of ageing in human being is universally known. With increase in age, body’s resistivity decreases, thus many old age problems arises. With the advancements of medical technology, human life expectancy has been increased from 50 years to 65 years. The possibility of leading a healthier life after 50 years is possible which was not possible in earlier days (Rowe kahn 1987 1997). Increased health education, various financial programmes better care of human body has increased the average life of a human to 70 or 80 years. But with increased age, certain chronic diseases are bound to happen. It is true that due to best medical practices human life has increased but human body being a part of nature has its own fate. With increased life expectancy, we can see a lot of older active members in our today’s society. With increase in active older adults, there is a subsequent increase in adults with mental physical problems as well (Zarit, Johansson Malmberg 1995). Mental problems are the result of social dilemma in older adults. Many cases are recently divorced male female, sometimes the loss of near and dear ones plunges one into darkness. Despite all the best of technological advancements and innovative medical treatments, the mental well being of older adult people is declining (Zarit Zarit 2012). The solidarity living, unable to socialize are also seen as few causes of mental illness. Older adults, sometimes divorcee or single suffering from mental disorder become victim of fall, due to losing of consciousness. The fall is a major reason of unintentional injuries (Sattin 1992). A faller is a person who falls, which is usually more than once in case of mentally ill people. The fall, induces by mental illness is increasing day by day. Hospitalization due to fall is increasing in the age group of 55-65 years (Heslop et. Al. 2012). Fall resulted to mental disorder leads to major injuries. Depression due to single living style is a major reas on causing the mental imbalance. The loss of confidence due to multiple falls in patient with high level of mental disorder is seen in patients who fall at least three times in a year. Due to singular living style being popular these days, people are unable to mingling socially, a patient suffering from mental disorder will remain unhealthy until his atmosphere gets changed. Easing out the feeling of depression in people is the first cure of mental illness which doesn’t usually happens these days until you visit a doctor. Literature review The social confinement of living alone is a major cause of increasing mental illness and subsequent fall of patients (Treas 1995). Although, the fall is a resultant of both external factors as well internal. Change in environment, Affect of Drugs or any labour intensive activity performed under harsh condition can also lead to fall (Nyberg 1996). Mental well being is often attributed to heavy drug intake, which leads to dizziness. Intuitional admittance is often regarded as a remedy to prevent any fatal injury but falls are in increasing number by two – third to those people who are under institutional care (Bergland et. al. 1998). Mental well is often regarded something which comes with age, but that is not the usual case. Certain minor or mid aged adults too have shown sign of mental illness, although number of fall accidents in not serious in this age group. Mental illness deteriorates with increasing age resulting in increasing number of fall as age increases, which increa ses the number of hospitalized cases due to fall (Mathers et. al. 1998). Prevention is the best remedy to cure the mental illness as well as to prevent any serious injury due to fall. The mental illness can be caused to various factors including generic inheritance (Sellers et. al. 2012). Although several researches have been done on the cause of mental illness but nothing specific is researched on fall as a result of mental instability. Also fall is not the direct resultant of mental illness, it’s the after affect of various drugs that patient take as a cure of mental illness. A recently concluded report find linkages of mental illness with other age related diseases also (Griffin 2013). Risk assessment should be the specific case while dealing a patient with multiple disorders. Considering the less neighbourhood friendly nature of our modern living, a single person is always prone to mental imbalance. A woman who is a divorcee and now lives single is more prone to mental illness (Schoevers et. al. 2006). The risk of depression is much greater tha n compared to the one living in a joint family. Fall in the case of single living patient is more serious. Delay in hospitalization can lead to death of a patient in case if nobody reports to the hospital which usually can happen if you are living alone. A faller falling at multiple times in a year is more prone to neurological disorder (Nevitt et. al. 2006). Fall is often related to the depression and mental unconsciousness of a person. A subsequent increase in the order of fall can increase the mental depression (Krishnaswamy n.d.). The Australian Commission of Safety Quality in Health care has established that treatment of fall can be useful in treating multiple illnesses. The guidelines issued by them include the risk assessment test to be done for person crossing a threshold level of age. Certain literature focuses on preventive measures with regard to spatial planning, lighting ambiance user friendly approaches of the houses to be designed for older adults. Identifying the gaps Although separate studies and researches have been done on various effect of fall, the specific reason of fall in mental disturbed patient is not been studied. A direct link needs to be established between the mental illness and fall. This further should be analyzed on the increasing rate of mental illness with age groups and duration of fall period. Moreover, the physical assessment of a faller needs to be done as to what is he doing at the time of fall, what’s the mental stress level during his falls at what time of the day is the fall occurring. Any literature which can establish direct link of mental illness on a fall of a person is not been done. A study needs to be focused on establishing preventive measure which can be under taken by the patient at spatial level in order to minimize the injuries. This gap is to be answered by the medium of this research paper, with specific need of establishing time occurrence of fall in mentally ill people. Although separate qualitat ive analysis needs to be done for patients live in the institutional care and those living in individual homes. Formulating research question How mental illness linked to the fall of older adult’s people? Specifying the significance The cases of fall are increasing with the increase of age life expectancy. Increasing level of segregation at neighbourhood level has become a way of living. Reporting of fall in case of mentally ill people living single is more important. This research study is important as it will establish a direct link between mentally ill people to their fall, considering the fact that mentally ill people often don’t relate their fall to the mental illness. Risk assessment is also a main focus of this study, as the fall cases are often increases with the increase of age. The research is important owing to the fact that mental illness goes unnoticed despite subsequent fall, that too for the patients living in the institutional care. Bibliography

A Comparison of Moral Conflict in Antigone and A Dolls House Essay exa

Conflict Between Individual Morals and State Laws in Antigone and A Doll's House  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mother, should I trust the government?   Or should I trust myself?   This dilemma is a common one in a great deal of literature.   In Antigone and A Doll’s House, the main theme is the question of whether one should be true to oneself or true to one’s state or society.   Should Nora (in A Doll’s House) and Antigone (in Antigone) â€Å"follow the rules† and do what the state and society want them to do or should they follow their own consciences?   Both plays address the conflict between individual morals and state laws, obedience and disobedience, and understanding oneself.        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Antigone shows the contrast between state law and divine law.   Although the two have similarities, they are enforced in very different ways.   The major conflict is this – according to divine law, Antigone’s brother must be buried, but, according to state law, Antigone’s brother is not to be buried due to his political standing.   The divine law is a law that is the same for everyone and does not change, whereas the state... ...hocles. Antigone. Translated by R. C. Jebb. The Internet Classic Archive. no pag.   http://classics.mit.edu/Sophocles/antigone.html    Comments:   The organization of your paper is a bit confusing.   To clarify this confusion you should be consistent in your points.   If you separate your paragraphs by points then be sure that you always begin with Antigone and then in the second half of the paragraph discuss Nora or vice-versa.   If you wanted to separate your paragraphs by character, then you should discuss the different points in the same order.

Edgar Allan Poe Essay -- Biography

Edgar Allan Poe was a 19th century American poet, author, and critic. Poe is often described as a rebel against society and art-for-art's sake supporter who experimented in making his poems without didacticism and devoid of any meaning, but he is also respected as a genius in terms of his commitment to art and his ability to experiment with various forms of expressions (Fromm 304). In my opinion, Poe was not a rebel because he remained true to himself. Although he was influenced by traditional artists, he adapted this tradition to his personal being. Although he might have been perceived as a rebel against society because of his innovative views on the world, human beings, and poetry, I believe his work remains popular and influential today because he remained true to his style and personality. However, I agree that he was dedicated to art for art's sake because his main intention was to express himself through his work. Poe did not bother with popular styles and techniques, but he w as a master poet when it comes to adapting to different styles to convey his emotions appropriately. Overall, Poe's poetry displays sentimentalism because he puts all emphasis on emotions and no emphasis on logic, but it is not limited to optimism because he displays both positive and negative emotions, and he displays them often together using both extremes in a single poem. According to Poe's values, the only productive thinkers were both educated and imaginative, and he described poets as people who do not understand the mechanics behind the Universe's laws, but they can obtain these principles intuition (Osipova 25). Poe wrote his poetry according to his beliefs, and every poem he wrote was a reflection on his intuition's insights and his state o... ...riences in form of divine beauty, I believe the main limitation was his experiences through intuition because translating intuition into intellect cannot be complete. However, his sentimentalism and the ability to display the same situations and points from completely opposite emotional contexts remains one of his best qualities as a poet. It is still difficult to say if Poe was influenced by his emotions completely, or if his emotions were out of control, or if he could observe all experiences objectively. My personal impression is that Poe was an objective observer who could view the same object, person, situation, or experience from several viewpoints and express his impressions and insights through poetry. Although his alcoholism points out emotional difficulties in life, when it comes to poetry, Poe could completely control and express all emotions objectively.

The Problem of Technical Improvement Of Education Essay -- Teaching Ed

The Problem of Technical Improvement Of Education ABSTRACT: What follows considers the problem of technical improvement as one of the main problems in the philosophy of education. I consider technology in connection with transferring from substantial comprehension to comprehension of the process itself. The creation of educational technologies is the expansion of educational freedom, from freedom inside action to freedom inside reflection. The connection between education and technology ensures creating and modifying a particular, non-formal, and humane pedagogy. Profound comprehension of different tendencies and processes in contemporary education is one of the main problems of the recently appeared and developing philosophy of education. Intensifying technological inclinations in up-to-date pedagogical theory and practice must be subject to understanding first of all, to my mind. Not long ago the application of the tecnological approach to education was impossible. The very phrase 'teaching or educational technology' seemed absurd. For a very long time pedagogy has been considered the field absolutely contrary to technical or mechanical kinds of activity. People always thought that profession of a teacher was connected with creation, intuition, unique and unpredictable person communication. The whole history of pedagogy, examining different kinds of educational process, has always been giving a teacher the leading role. Any programs, systems, methods should only support a teacher in order to expose his own potential, they should not substit ute the teacher's place, not determine studies. However, the experience of the recent years has shown that any reinforcement of external formal pressure directed to limitation of cre... ...chnology and education gives a possibility to create an form an other anti mechanistic, humane way of being. Its implementation demands not only practical and theoretical, but also philosophical knowledge. Sources (1) Sheler M. Forms of Knowledge and Education, Gnosis, 1994 (2) Dmitrienko V., Lyurya N. Education as a Social Institution, 1989. (3) Bespalko B. Items of a Pedagogical Technology, M., 1989. (4) Vartofsky M. Art and a Technology are opposite models of Education? M., 1988. (5) Vodopyanova E. Prospects of the Future Education, "Education in Siberia", 1994. (6) Anisimov O. Notional Means of the Theory of Activity and Thinking, M., 1991. (7) Rozin V. Philosophy of a Technique and Cultural and Historical Reconstruction of a Technical Development, "Questions of Philosophy", N3, 1996. (8) A New Technocratic Wave in the West, M., 1986.

A Manager’s Performance and Success

Knowledge about organisational behaviour has become very important to a manager's performance and success. Therefore, it is not surprising that writers often claim to have the information that managers need if they are to excel in their jobs. In Search of Excellence is one of the most well known books of this type. In the book, Peters-and Waterman outlined seven principles that they claimed to be excellent management tactics and a â€Å"7-S Framework.† In Search of Excellence is a book dealing with many different principles of economics and what makes big business' excellent. The first idea that the author discusses is his chart of the 7-S Framework. The graph is very simple but the ideas are fairly complex. In their research, they found that their concepts were too hard to explain and easily forgettable. They made this framework to deal with strategy, structure, style, systems, staff, skills, and shared values. This has 7 S's and a graphical representation to visualize. This shows the businessman that problems can be managed. For example, anyone assuming that a new manager of a Macdonald†s will perform exactly as the old manager did is ridiculous. The workers must adjust and adapt to the new manager's way of business. The first principle is a bias for action. This is basically saying â€Å"Stop talking and do something about it.† When Macdonald†s has a rush of customers and their supplies for making food are low, they (usually) don't say â€Å"You know what, I have no more cheese† or â€Å"Could someone get me some more cheese?† They take action and get the cheese, make it if necessary, and get the problem solved as quickly as possible. The second Principle they deal with is to be close to the customer. This means good service and listening to what the customer has to say. If the producer, Macdonald†s, is not in touch with what the customer wants to eat, then the business will most likely fail. Although it also refers to customer satisfaction; quality food made right and good service, â€Å"Have a nice day and enjoy your meal!† The third basic principle is productivity through people. This deals with the individual as the best means for efficiency improvement rather than capital investment. If Macdonald†s could put everyone in the area of work they most enjoyed (drive-thru, washer,†¦) then they could produce more food and maximize their business. The forth basic principle is hands on, value driven. This is the standard setting and enforcing values in a company. This is keeping the boss in touch with the assembly line worker and projecting the company's original ideas, instead of an image of some suited businessman who confines himself in an office. The fifth and often obvious principle is to stick to the knitting. The basically says that if a company is in the food business, it should not branch off into the computer business unless they have no where else to expand in the industry they are already in. The sixth basic principle is a simple form, lean staff. This means leaving few people up top to manage a company and keep the form of management simple. The seventh and final basic principle is simultaneous loose-tight properties. This is another value-based principle. This could be described as the ability for a worker of Macdonald†s to do his/her job in his/her own way as they incorporate the company's values and concepts into their work. These values demonstrate that they don't just work because they work, but rather because they just make sense. In search of excellence shows that the excellent companies had been based on the basics. The companies had to try to keep things simple. Sometimes, to a big business, it might seem logical that business should be run more complex the larger it is. From research, this is usually not true. Ignoring the seven principles above would be foolish in the business world.